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KMID : 0361020240670010001
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Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
2024 Volume.67 No. 1 p.1 ~ p.8
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The Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in the Treatment of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
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Kim Hwa-Bin
Oh Se-Joon
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Abstract
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Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is defined as acute hearing loss of >30 dB at threeconsecutive frequencies, with an abrupt onset (within 3 days). In most patients with SSNHL,an exact cause is rarely identified. Diverse etiological theories have been proposed, includingvascular disease, viral infection, autoimmune disease, inner ear hydrops, and genetic factors.
Based on these hypotheses, various treatments have been tried, including corticosteroids (sys-temic and/or intratympanic), antivirals, vasoactive drugs, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT), but the evidence remains inconclusive. The 2019 American Academy of Otolaryn-gology-Head and Neck Surgery guideline had suggested that HBOT can be provided as eitherinitial or salvage treatment when combined with steroid therapy. HBOT, a noninvasive treat-ment involving the inhalation of 100% oxygen at a pressure of >1 atmosphere absolute (ATA)is another treatment option as a method to improve oxygen supply after cochlear damage. Al-though the pressure, frequency, and total time of HBOT remain variable among differentstudies, a protocol of 2.0-2.5 ATA and 10-20 sessions in total are commonly used. The treat-ment strategies for SSNHL have been evolving, and recent attempts involved increasing theeffectiveness through various combinations of systemic steroid, intratympanic steroid, andHBOT. In this review, we will review various studies about HBOT and discuss the efficacy of HBOT in SSNHL.
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KEYWORD
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Hyperbaric oxygenation, Steroid, Sudden hearing loss
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